The objective of this report is to provide project PAER participants and implementing partners with an entry point for understanding the production and marketing strategies among the targeted beneficiaries, to detail programme activities and expected outputs and outcomes. There are some 700,000 women, men, and children in the Department of the North West and the commune of Anse Rouge. The majority live perilously close to the nutritional margins of survival: by international standards, 23% of their children are chronically malnourished; 10% are acutely malnourished (CNSA 2014). The irony of their situation is that they live in territory that was once part of the most productive agricultural colony on earth: French Saint Dominque. Yet, today–after 45 years and over US$100 million of production-targeted interventions from the international development agencies and the Haitian Governments — they practice the most rudimentary productive technologies (see Schwartz 2009). There is no electric grid in the region; preciously little water; roads and transport are such that that it is far easier and arguably less expensive to ship merchandise to urban Port-au-Prince from Miami–715 miles away–than from the target region– less than 100 miles away. The opportunities to raise income through market access is clear and present. But in economically intervening on the behalf of these farmers, indeed in seeking partnership with them and encouraging them to elevate their own investments in remunerative market access enterprises, it is critical that we understand how they have survived thus far.
What we know is that farmers in the region have deeply entrenched production and social patterns that have evolved over more than 200 years of independence, predominately in the absence of assistance from the State or outside agencies. These patterns are, as with people everywhere, adapted to the natural and economic environment. The pages that follow present an overview of these patterns with regard to subsistence and marketing strategies and the associated social relations. They give special emphasis on the IFAD and GOH recommended value chains targeted for intervention. The farmers very real and precarious struggle for survival in what is a harsh regional environment and economy makes the responsibility to understand these patterns of production that much more critical. At the very least, may the project do no harm. Specifically, this section presents,
- History & interventions in the region
- Demographic features and trends
- Geography & Environment
- Production strategies
- Social relations of production
- Regional market system
- Selected market chains
- Local organizations